Small public companies like yours may finally have to begin providing the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) with certified assessments of their internal controls.  Smaller micro caps will be required to comply with SOX 404(b) reporting requirements beginning June 15, 2010; they’ll have to attest to the effectiveness of their internal controls in their annual reports released on or after June 15 of next year.  So, for those whose annual reports are just seven months away, the time to consider is over — it’s time to take action!

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Historically, compliance has been the focus of most knowledge management systems.  Documenting business processes with policies and procedures is required by many standards such as for ISO 9000 Quality Management Systems, Sarbanes Oxley Accounting and Finance, or Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) for the Food and Drug Administration (FDA).  But if we look closer at the intent of these standards then we see that we should be more concerned with control, to improve quality or reduce the risk of failure.

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Question of the month: How can Accounting Policies and Procedures help your organization?

The Accounting Department is an area where policies and procedures are usually a requirement, because they are considered part of the internal controls noted in Sarbanes-Oxley. The real question is: What approach are you taking to developing accounting policies and procedures?

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The question “What should be in your accounting manual?” should first be answered by another question: “Why do you need an accounting manual?” Whether you are looking to purchase a pre-written accounting manual or create your own accounting manual from scratch, these are two important questions to answer.

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Question of the month: Do you understand the meaning of the term “internal controls?”

The internal controls requirement in Sarbanes-Oxley Section 404 has created the most uncertainty and distress in businesses. Frequently those of us involved in office processes are not accustomed to having our work planned and verified to the degree that is common on most factory floors.

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When you hear the phrase “internal control system required by Sarbanes-Oxley (SOX) Section 404,” do you automatically think of policies and procedures?  Simply having accounting policies and procedures does not indicate an internal control system.  Well-written accounting procedures that document well-defined accounting processes, however, are an important component of the internal control system you are building. 

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Using risk management techniques is an important component in creating the internal control required for compliance with Sarbanes-Oxley (SOX) Section 404.  Risk management includes all the activities associated with identifying and reducing risk, as well as coping with negative events should they occur.  Identifying risks and creating systems and safeguards to ameliorate them is one way to create a basic internal control system.

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It has been more than five years since most provisions of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 took effect (in mid- 2003). Many publicly traded companies, however, still seem to struggle with developing a confident understanding of compliance.

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Question of the Month: Why is due diligence and transparency important?

Due diligence means you are collecting the proper information and ensuring you are aware of all the relevant facts. As the term transparency implies, it means there is a degree of openness and honesty. The recurring theme of October’s articles illustrate how important due diligence and transparency can be to business success.

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We have been told repeatedly that there are two things at the heart of the current financial crises. The sub-prime home lending fiasco (with the bad loans then bundled into investment securities) and the credit default swaps that had organizations falling like dominoes once bad mortgage loans started taking some institutions down.

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