The financial transactions of any accounting system can be grouped into four major accounting cycles: Revenue, Purchase, Payroll, and General Journal.

Four Main Accounting Cycles

Accounting transactions in the form of sales invoices, receipts, purchase invoices, checks, and payroll entries are posted to the appropriate journals. Simultaneously — as a form of internal control — these postings are recorded in the general ledger, or “GL”. The GL accumulates all transaction activity, where it is organized by account class.

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Not all processes require procedure writing.  There’s a lot of overhead associated with every business procedure you write.  Therefore, the more business procedures you write, the more procedures you have to edit, implement, train, audit, and

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Your process is not living up to expectations, so you’ve decided to implement standard operating procedures (SOP) to improve process consistency, compliance, and effectiveness.  However, that project is stalled: employees are not buying into your proposed changes, and management is growing impatient.

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Last week, we established how important process maps are in developing policies and procedures.  In the course of this series, we will present seven types of process maps. This week we will discuss three types: High-Level, Low-Level, and Cross Functional or “Swim Lanes” Maps.

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In the past few weeks we have discussed how understanding and documenting your cash processes with cash policies and cash procedures can prevent internal fraud and abuse.  Externally, one the biggest threats to your cash are customers who fail to pay for what they purchase. 

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Question of the month: Is using a process approach useful in improving the financial performance of a company?

The articles in February revolved around financial issues such as financial controls, working capital, return on investment and cash flows.

Discussions of improving processes are too commonly relegated to the production floor. Is it any less important for your office processes to function effectively and efficiently?

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In the past few weeks we have been covering important elements of finance processes, including internal control systems as prescribed by Sarbanes-Oxley, and the importance of capital planning to ensure key high level financial facets such cost of capital and return on assets have established goals and are being measured.

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With the implementation of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (SOX), finance and accounting departments have scrambled in recent years to put in place internal control systems as required by SOX section 404. Compliance with SOX and SEC regulations are certainly good reasons for companies to create an internal control system. Small and medium size business (SMB) owners might wonder, though, how this applies to them or helps improve their business metrics. Perhaps you have a few investors or creditors and need to produce financial statements, but you don’t have to worry about complying with SEC or SOX regulations. Or do you?

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Last week we discussed how cash flow and manufacturing flow work. This week we are going to look at how design flow differs.

In manufacturing and cash flows our goal is to work towards zero defects and doing it right the first time. Both are laudable goals for

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Last Month we discussed the competitive advantages of building a value chain. This month we are going to look at the differences between the design flow and the manufacturing flow.

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